The plate heat exchanger is the most widely used configuration in geothermal system of recent design. A number of characteristics...

The engineer making the material selection must know all aspects involved in the construction maintenance and operation of heat...

A compressor station is a facility which helps the transportation process of natural gas from one location to another. Natural gas, while...

Slug Catcher is the name of a unit in the gas refinery or petroleum industry in which slugs at the outlet of pipelines are collected or...

Typically skids are used for heavy fuel oil or diesel oil and fuel gas feeding line to burners. Each skid is normally designed according...

The surge drum performs various important functions. They are: To separate the liquid out of the gas and allow the gas to pass to the...

A typical oil and gas process skid package will incorporate only the process equipment. This is primarily due to the requirement to...

Flame arresters function by interrupting the combustion wave as it progresses through the flame arrester. Typical flame arresters...

It can be seen from the stress distribution of a loaded beam that the greater stress occurs at the top and bottom extremities of the...

The basic objective in structural analysis and design is to produce a structure capable of resisting all applied loads without failure...

Flame arresters installed in piping systems should always be tested to verify that the design would quench a flame front propagating...

Storage tanks are containers that hold liquids, compressed gases or mediums used for the short- or long-term storage of heat or cold. The...

A load is a force that a building or structure needs to be able to resist. Loads cause stresses and deformations to a structure. The...

Flange leakage calculation is a mandatory code requirement for all critical systems in a plant. In spite of tight bolted connection...

In Structural Design, the pressure exerted by the wind is the most important thing to be considered. A deflections perpendicular to the...

Structural engineers must consider many things when endeavouring to make structural designs a reality. One of the most important...

Following are the main equipments in the electrical substations supplied for various projects were: • Transformers • Electrical Panels •...

The modular substation systems installed in the fabrication yard were checked in 3 levels: • Mechanical Completion, • Pre-commissioning •...

Collar bolts are a type of clinger that is extensively used to hold the bundle in the exact place for removable bundle heat exchangers....

In oil and gas industry, the demand of modular units are increasing as it can be a unique solution for customization. A modular...